Posts Tagged ‘Missing Person Search’

Searching in the Dark

January 27th, 2010

You may remember a long while back me writing a short news article introducing a Specialist Night / Low Light Search Technician Certification Course from Gary Foo. Several comments were made at the time, with Jennie Webster making the valid point that;

Maybe explicit courses such as this would make it more obvious that ALSAR teams can and do search at night?

It’s a good idea in principle, although other courses e.g. UKLSI search techician and team leader have their main exercise at night anyway, and stress the importance of night search too.

The purpose of this piece then is to reiterate that ALSAR and other SAR organisations not only routinely search at night – but actually expect search to continue through the night. As I noted in my piece on do the police suspend vulnerable missing person search too quickly some advice from the ACPO guidance, which I think is worth repeating here…

As a general principle, searching should take place throughout the day and night. This will be determined by the circumstances but in all cases where a full managed search is undertaken, there must be valid reasons why it is not continued throughout the full 24 hours.
ACPO Guidance on the Managment, Recording and Investigation of Missing Persons, 2005

Here is also a quote from the book of the week – Greg Fuller, Ed Johnson and Robert J Koester’s book Man-Trackers and Dog Handlers in Search & Rescue – Basic Guidelines and Information.

…night itself should not be a concern to trained searchers. The possibility of walking off a drop-off and branches snapping back into searchers’ eyes are the chief concerns. All of these concerns exist during the daylight hours…

It is true that searchers will have a greatly reduced POD during night-time searches. However, it is important to remember that POD is NOT the aim of the search. The aim of search is to drive up POS as quickly as possible (FIND THE MISPER!). Waiting 6 -8 hours in order to get a higher POD means that the misper will not be found during those hours. The misper’s only chance of being found is if searchers are actually out searching!

ALSAR teams train at night, they search at night and they find mispers at NIGHT!

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Getting the Search Controller Assignment Right (First Time!)

January 21st, 2010

According to ALSAR you are not qualified to manage or control a search unless you have passed an assessment to say you are competent to do so! I think this is quite right. I do not care how good a course you sat through – unless you can prove you have taken some of it in, you should not be making life or death decisions [and have no doubt that is what a search manager/controller does!]

I am always very pleased then, to receive people’s Search Controller’s Assessments after they have sat their UKLSI Course. Those that sit through the course and then believe they are somehow “qualified” to run a search are wrong!

However, very often delegates have a problem completing the assignment. This is generally not due to their not being able to do the work, or them being somehow incompetent. More often it is due to a misunderstanding of how to pass assessments. So here, exclusively, is my guide to passing your search controller’s assessment!

When you are given your assignment you are given a list of assessment criteria. This is your guide to what you need to do to pass. Write or say something about each point and you have a good chance of passing. Miss any of them and you CANNOT pass!

So number one on the check-list is “recognise common pitfalls”. Look at your two searches, see whether any of the common pitfalls Charlie Hedges wrote about were present. If they were, say so. If not, say something to the effect that none were present – you might like to explain one and what happened on the search to prove its worth.

Number two, “demonstrate understanding of the benefits of pre-planning”. If one of your searches was pre-planned state how this helped. If it wasn’t pre-planned state what help it would have been had it been pre-planned – what went wrong or took time that could have been prevented by pre-planning. Note on your pre-plan how it helps with the next search incident at that location.

Number three… well, hopefully you are seeing that pattern. The assessment is not there to be difficult – in fact the activities were deliberately chosen to be useful to you and your Unit. But in order to demonstrate your competence you must discuss everything on the assessment sheet!

Have no doubt it will be hard work. It will take some time – something none of us have much of! But if you want to run a search and make those decisions – I think you ought to at least put in the time and effort to prove you are up to it!

Hopefully, this will have helped some of you. If anyone wants to add something – please do…

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Wabi-sabi and the Art of Search

January 20th, 2010

OK – I admit it. I need to get out more.

I read a book a while back on Leonardo da Vinci. It was saying something like we can think like this genius, by putting into practice these six or seven skills. I didn’t take too much notice but it came back to me the other day when reading something else. [I'll soon explain, don't worry.]

One of the skills you need, according to Michael Gelb in his book – How to Think Like Leonardo da Vinci [I went and found the reference like a good student!], is Connessione – a recognition and appreciation for inter-connectedness! So, I’m reading one of the books I got for Christmas – Living out LOUD by Keri Smith – when she starts talking about Wabi-sabi. Wabi-sabi, according to the book, is a “Japanese concept that speaks to the art of imperfection, and/or the willingness to accept things as they are.”

Amazingly, given my total distrust of anything even slightly esoteric and my inability to not say something when something is imperfect, I kept reading. Well, it was all about sketching a stick – and how after thirty minutes the “simple stick had become something living, moving and expanding”.

However, it did get me thinking about search – you’ll be glad and unsurprised to hear. It reminded me of something Ian “Max” Maxwell had said during one of his tracking courses and can be found in his book – Animal Tracks ID and Techniques - about Zoning In.

Once you surrender and become part of your surroundings you will have zoned in. You will now be able to hear every movement, every sound, see everything and feel everything around you…

Once you have zoned in for at least twenty minutes you will know the baseline for noises, bird song, activity, motion and insect life. You will also know the baseline for the ground, trees and shrubs in the landscape around you.

It is here that the tracker will detect any variation from the baseline, be it hearing, feeling, seeing, smelling and taste.

The good searcher – whether a tracker or an “ordinary” [although they are no such thing] foot searcher – finds things that are out of place; that shouldn’t be there; like the missing person. How do they do this? By “knowing” the environment they are searching well; knowing what the vegetation is like, knowing what the rubbish should be like, just “knowing” the area and something out of place.

This was what the original SEBEV clue field was all about – before its meaning was lost in time – seeing those things that were out of place.  I’m sure this exercise, or a similar one, does have a place in training. We do NOT search for clues and an excellent trainer would be needed to run this session and not have it slow down to a snail’s pace “searching” for clues. BUT [note the BIG but!), but if we could find a way to expand searcher’s knowledge of what is and isn’t right in the environment this would be a very worthwhile exercise.

What do you think?

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What is Search Theory?

January 6th, 2010

I’ve alluded to Search Theory lots of times during the last couple of months, and have often been told that I am happy to “bore” anyone to death with such maths. So I thought it was about time to write a series on the maths of search theory and how it can [should?] be used by search teams looking for missing persons.

And I thought the best way to start would be to try to explain what search theory really is?

Search Theory sits in a branch of mathematics referred to as Operations Research.

It is about optimisation! Simply put, it is about getting the best possible outcome with the resources available.

I have often compared it to a silly game of dice. If I were to offer you odds on what number a dice would come up like these, what would be your best (optimum) strategy? 1 : 4-6 , 2 : Evens , 3 : 2-1 , 4 : 3-1 , 5 : 4-1 and 6 : 6-1

The answer to this is, of course, you would always bet on number 6. Now, you would not win every time. In fact, you would lose 5 times more than you would win in general. But you would win the most money of all the strategies. (If you are unsure of why, just try it out! Whilst the dice numbers should come up roughly as often as each other, the money you win on each differs with no. 6 giving the highest total.)

Search theory is a slightly more complicated version of this. You take a situation, in this case a missing person.

The misper could be anywhere, but some areas are more likely than others.
You are limited by having only a certain amount of search resource.
Time is also critical – in many cases the misper is dying as time goes by.

The mathematics of search theory takes these “variables” and works out an optimum use of the search resources. Like the dice game, you don’t win all the time – in fact like the dice game you tend to lose a lot more often than you win. BUT by using the maths of search theory you know that you are getting the best possible results – in this case saving the most lives and finding the most missing persons (instead of money as in the dice game)

In the later sections of the series I will discuss the history of search theory, before looking in detail at the various parts of calculating and using the maths.

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Government sets up Missing Persons Taskforce

December 10th, 2009

I was told this was happening a few weeks ago but hadn’t heard anything “publicly” until today.

The BBC has the following report;

A taskforce is being set up to examine how the police, councils and other agencies can improve their response when people are reported missing.

The group will look at areas like data collection and the extension of measures nationwide. [Read more here...]

This is long overdue, and a chance to improve the response to missing person incidents.

I will, of course, keep you all informed of any information as I get it!

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