Posts Tagged ‘UKLSI’

Searching in the Dark

January 27th, 2010

You may remember a long while back me writing a short news article introducing a Specialist Night / Low Light Search Technician Certification Course from Gary Foo. Several comments were made at the time, with Jennie Webster making the valid point that;

Maybe explicit courses such as this would make it more obvious that ALSAR teams can and do search at night?

It’s a good idea in principle, although other courses e.g. UKLSI search techician and team leader have their main exercise at night anyway, and stress the importance of night search too.

The purpose of this piece then is to reiterate that ALSAR and other SAR organisations not only routinely search at night – but actually expect search to continue through the night. As I noted in my piece on do the police suspend vulnerable missing person search too quickly some advice from the ACPO guidance, which I think is worth repeating here…

As a general principle, searching should take place throughout the day and night. This will be determined by the circumstances but in all cases where a full managed search is undertaken, there must be valid reasons why it is not continued throughout the full 24 hours.
ACPO Guidance on the Managment, Recording and Investigation of Missing Persons, 2005

Here is also a quote from the book of the week – Greg Fuller, Ed Johnson and Robert J Koester’s book Man-Trackers and Dog Handlers in Search & Rescue – Basic Guidelines and Information.

…night itself should not be a concern to trained searchers. The possibility of walking off a drop-off and branches snapping back into searchers’ eyes are the chief concerns. All of these concerns exist during the daylight hours…

It is true that searchers will have a greatly reduced POD during night-time searches. However, it is important to remember that POD is NOT the aim of the search. The aim of search is to drive up POS as quickly as possible (FIND THE MISPER!). Waiting 6 -8 hours in order to get a higher POD means that the misper will not be found during those hours. The misper’s only chance of being found is if searchers are actually out searching!

ALSAR teams train at night, they search at night and they find mispers at NIGHT!

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Getting the Search Controller Assignment Right (First Time!)

January 21st, 2010

According to ALSAR you are not qualified to manage or control a search unless you have passed an assessment to say you are competent to do so! I think this is quite right. I do not care how good a course you sat through – unless you can prove you have taken some of it in, you should not be making life or death decisions [and have no doubt that is what a search manager/controller does!]

I am always very pleased then, to receive people’s Search Controller’s Assessments after they have sat their UKLSI Course. Those that sit through the course and then believe they are somehow “qualified” to run a search are wrong!

However, very often delegates have a problem completing the assignment. This is generally not due to their not being able to do the work, or them being somehow incompetent. More often it is due to a misunderstanding of how to pass assessments. So here, exclusively, is my guide to passing your search controller’s assessment!

When you are given your assignment you are given a list of assessment criteria. This is your guide to what you need to do to pass. Write or say something about each point and you have a good chance of passing. Miss any of them and you CANNOT pass!

So number one on the check-list is “recognise common pitfalls”. Look at your two searches, see whether any of the common pitfalls Charlie Hedges wrote about were present. If they were, say so. If not, say something to the effect that none were present – you might like to explain one and what happened on the search to prove its worth.

Number two, “demonstrate understanding of the benefits of pre-planning”. If one of your searches was pre-planned state how this helped. If it wasn’t pre-planned state what help it would have been had it been pre-planned – what went wrong or took time that could have been prevented by pre-planning. Note on your pre-plan how it helps with the next search incident at that location.

Number three… well, hopefully you are seeing that pattern. The assessment is not there to be difficult – in fact the activities were deliberately chosen to be useful to you and your Unit. But in order to demonstrate your competence you must discuss everything on the assessment sheet!

Have no doubt it will be hard work. It will take some time – something none of us have much of! But if you want to run a search and make those decisions – I think you ought to at least put in the time and effort to prove you are up to it!

Hopefully, this will have helped some of you. If anyone wants to add something – please do…

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A Defence of Purposeful Wandering

January 13th, 2010

Johnnie Walker a long while back made a throwaway comment when he was commenting on his own Search Analogy;

I know of Police Services who ban purposeful wandering by their search volunteers. Yes, you read that right. Not insist on it. Ban it!
[Read it here if you don't believe he wrote it...]

I have endeavoured since then to get more information about this, but as yet, it remains [to me, I hasten to add] an unsubstantiated rumour.

It comes, apparently, from a conversation had at the UKLSI Search Controllers Course. I’m afraid I’m being elusive about it because the best thing for a misper is a good working relationship between a PolSA and the search team. I do not want to do anything to jeopardise this so won’t be going any further into what team, what was said or so forth. [Although maybe this is a job for a senior representative of ALSAR to work with the police nationally!]

I’m hopeful it is all a misunderstanding, but in case it isn’t, I am writing a defence of the technique in order to give more information to make an informed decision on its usefulness!

As you all know purposeful wandering is the search technique whereby a foot searcher, searching their “search strip” meanders through the strip searching certain bits. The big clue is in the term “purposeful”. Each searcher looks at their search strip. Some sections of it are clearly visible and do not contain the misper. I’m hinting at all those open bits – the grass, the ground between the trees! However, some bits of their search strip are not clearly visible and need closer attention.

The searcher, then, wanders this way and that – searching the bushes, tree stumps and so on; where a misper might be hidden!

My first comment on hearing the rumour was – so if I see what looks like a foot, should I go over and check it or just keep to my straight line? Essentially this is what purposeful wandering is – checking the bits that are not immediately visible.

Now if this wasn’t enough to persuade you that this is a useful technique, I can go even further. The Probability of Detection (POD) of a search resource is based upon it’s track length – how far it travelled within the search area. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line – start wandering from side to side searching bits that need a closer look, not only to you prioritise those areas and make sure they are searched, but you also travel further, spend more time searching and increase your chances of finding the misper!

Without knowing more about the issue, I am only speculating, but one possible reason for insisting on straight lines is a misunderstanding of the maths of search theory. There is a search calculation – based upon perfectly straight search lines – that gives a higher POD for the same effort. However, this is based upon almost perfect [flat, calm] sea conditions – totally unlike any piece of land you will ever get to search! There is no alternative then than putting in more effort to achieve higher PODs!

Hopefully, this is enough of a starting point to persuade anyone involved that purposeful wandering is an essential tool for foot search and straight lines are most definitely OUT!

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Qualified Search Technician

December 9th, 2009

I’ve had this discussion a few times with people and I thought it was about time I put pen to paper and put it out there for debate.

I was disappointed a few years back when ALSAR officially dropped the word “basic” from the Basic Search Techniques course (now known officially as the Search Technicians course!) It somehow made it sound as if, by doing a weekend course, you could become “qualified” to search and seemingly know it all!

Well, as everyone knows, most BST courses clearly state that this is just the beginning and that you need to learn a whole lot more, and gain a whole lot more experience to really become a useful SAR TECH [to import the American phrase.]  So why pretend that the course is not just a basic guide; enough to get you started.

One of the things being discussed at UKLSI is whether we need to signpost more where the new “Search Technician” should go with their training. Whilst the majority of us hate “badges” with a passion, most of us seemed to agree that having a route to becoming a “qualified” search technician would be an extremely useful thing; both for Units and for individuals new to lowland search.

So what is the skill set of a “qualified” search technician?

BST course, obviously.

Skilled at Navigation?

A basic level of First Aid?

At least Track Aware, if not a Tracker?

Water Safety Trained?

Understanding of Dogs? Search Management?

Specialised Area of Search, such as Mountain Bikes, or Kayaks/Boats?

At least this would offer newcomers a basis to judge their skill set against. It might also guard against those coming into lowland search who seem to thing that they know it all, after six months at it.

Well, it’s over to you; I’m sure you have some thoughts.

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Search Pre-Planning Ideas

December 2nd, 2009

It has been a week since the UKLSI Search Controllers course. Delegates on that course only qualify after passing an assessment assignment. The assignment is made up of two parts; a “critical” review of two past searches (the search management decisions made etc.) and to produce a Search Pre-plan from their local area.

Delegates should be in no doubt as to how useful this last part of the assignment is; to them and their Unit.

Imagine turning up to an incident and having all the mapping done for you already – master map already sectored; detailed terrain analysis to hand for each sector [along with aerial and digital photographs], hazards already mapped on and search hints and tips for each sector; sector maps already produced for Team Leaders; Contact details for access to various problem areas and so on.

Not only does it lessen the workload by a massive amount, but just think how professional it looks to the PolSA. If you are one of those Units struggling to prove your professionalism, what sort of impact do you think pulling out a pre-planned search would have?

It is not easy [no one ever said it was!] but the work is (or should be) well worth it in time.

The big question is where should you do your search pre-plan for? Well, its time to look back over those past incident records again!

Every county has a hospital which the Unit is called to at least once a year [if not four or five times a year]. If your Unit has been neglecting its pre-planning you should start here. In established Units, however, these search pre-plans should not only exist but be in use quite regularly. However, work down the list of common callout areas – unless you have a dozen or so Search Controllers – there will be a hospital, country park or similar that you can do a pre-plan for. Then start work… I’ll write some more about how in another post sometime!

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